The Munnur or Munnuru Kapu have tilled the soil of south India for hundreds of years. Their name means 300. A past king of Hyderabad called for 300 soldiers of this people group to act as his personal bodyguards. In times of war the Munnur served as soldiers and officers in the armies of the dynasties of Andhra Pradesh. In times of peace they went back to the traditional occupation of farming.
Today most Munnur continue to practice agriculture. They also raise animals for dairy products and for sale. Some own their own land. Others work as laborers on land owned by others.
The Munnur are considered a backward caste. They are entitled to special benefits such as guaranteed spots in universities and public jobs. The Munnur are thought to be the fourth and lowest major caste of Hinduism.
In times past many Munnur were illiterate. That is changing. Elementary schools are open the villages where the Munnur live today. While most Munnur are famers, some have taken jobs in public service and business.
The primary language of the Munnur is Telegu.
Most Munnur live in the southwest Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Some also live in other Indian states.
The lives of the Munnur revolved around the wet and dry seasons of the subcontinent and around the holidays of the Hindu calendar. Their two main crops are rice and wheat. They also grow vegetables and fruits to supplement their diet and to sell to others. Some women work as domestics of richer Indian households. Some of the young men join the Indian Army and send money home to support their families in the village.
The Munnur often engage in cross-cousin marriage. The young person marries a cousin, the son or daughter of the brother of their mother. Families arrange marriages. Weddings and other important life rituals are officiated by Brahmin priests or village priests. Child marriage was the ancient custom among the Munnur. That practice is changing now to adult marriage with the consent of the young persons.
Unfortunately, many Munnur children work in the fields with their parents and only receive a minimal education.
The Munnur practice Hinduism, the ancient religion and culture of Indian. They worship and serve the many gods of the Hindu pantheon. They worship Shiva and Vishnu as their primary deities. They offer flowers, food and incense at the gods' temples. The Munnur participate in the yearly Hindu festivals of Holi, the festival of colors, Diwali, the festival of lights and Navratri, the nine-day celebration of autumn.
The Munnur need to hear the life-changing gospel of Jesus Christ in a way they can understand. They need to see that the Hindu gods will not save them from their sins. They also need help in their villages with educational, vocational and medical issues.
* Scripture Prayers for the Munnur in India.
Pray the Lord sends Indian Christians to share the good news of Christ with the Munnur.
Pray that the Munnur would hear and respond positively to the claims of Christ.
Pray that God would move Christians workers would come to live in the villages of the Munnur and help meet their spiritual and physical needs.
globalprayerdigest.org/issue/day/2012/08/26
munnurukapusociety.com/history/
munnurukapuresearchcenter.blogspot.com/2015/05/historical-and-socio-economic-profile.html
Profile Source: David Kugel |
Global Prayer Digest: 2012-08-26 |
Global Prayer Digest: 2020-02-13 |
People Name General | Munnur |
People Name in Country | Munnur |
Pronunciation | MOO-nar |
Population this Country | 976,000 |
Population all Countries | 976,000 |
Total Countries | 1 |
Indigenous | Yes |
Progress Scale | 1 ● |
Unreached | Yes |
Frontier People Group | Yes |
GSEC | 2 (per PeopleGroups.org) |
Pioneer Workers Needed | 20 |
Alternate Names | Bantu; Kamma; Koli; Muni; Mutraj; Naik; Telaga; Telgaund; Telinga; Tengaud; मुननूर |
People ID | 19281 |
ROP3 Code | 115550 |
Country | India | |||||||||||||||
Region | Asia, South | |||||||||||||||
Continent | Asia | |||||||||||||||
10/40 Window | Yes | |||||||||||||||
National Bible Society | Website | |||||||||||||||
Persecution Rank | 10 (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking) | |||||||||||||||
Total States on file | 18 | |||||||||||||||
Largest States (only 15 largest shown) |
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Specialized Website | South Asia Peoples |
Country | India |
Region | Asia, South |
Continent | Asia |
10/40 Window | Yes |
National Bible Society | Website |
Persecution Rank | 10 (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking) |
Total States | 18 |
Andhra Pradesh 519,000 | |
Telangana 349,000 | |
Tamil Nadu 43,000 | |
Karnataka 26,000 | |
Odisha 18,000 | |
Maharashtra 13,000 | |
West Bengal 2,400 | |
Jharkhand 1,900 | |
Puducherry 900 | |
Kerala 700 | |
Delhi 600 | |
Andaman and Nicobar 400 | |
Assam 400 | |
Uttar Pradesh 100 | |
Chhattisgarh 100 | |
Website | South Asia Peoples |
Primary Language | Telugu (976,000 speakers) |
Language Code | tel Ethnologue Listing |
Language Written | Yes ScriptSource Listing |
Total Languages | 1 |
Primary Language | Telugu (976,000 speakers) |
Language Code | tel Ethnologue Listing |
Total Languages | 1 |
People Groups | Speaking Telugu |
Primary Language: Telugu
Bible Translation ▲ | Status (Years) |
---|---|
Bible-Portions | Yes (1812-1966) |
Bible-New Testament | Yes (1818-1989) |
Bible-Complete | Yes (1854-2016) |
Bible-NT Audio | Online |
Bible-NT Text | Online |
Possible Print Bibles | |
---|---|
Amazon | |
World Bibles | |
Forum Bible Agencies | |
National Bible Societies | |
World Bible Finder | |
Virtual Storehouse |
Resource Type ▲ | Resource Name |
---|---|
Audio Recordings | Audio Bible teaching |
Audio Recordings | Love letter to you from scripture |
Audio Recordings | Online Audio Scripture |
Audio Recordings | Online New Testament |
Audio Recordings | Online New Testament |
Audio Recordings | Online New Testament |
Audio Recordings | Online New Testament |
Audio Recordings | Online New Testament |
Audio Recordings | Online New Testament |
Audio Recordings | Oral Bible stories |
Audio Recordings | Story of Jesus audio |
Film / Video | Following Jesus video |
Film / Video | God's Story video |
Film / Video | Jesus Film: view in Telugu |
Film / Video | LUMO film of Gospels |
Film / Video | Magdalena video |
Film / Video | My Last Day video, anime |
Film / Video | Story of Jesus for Children |
Film / Video | The Hope Video |
Film / Video | The Story |
Primary Religion: | Hinduism |
Major Religion ▲ | Percent * |
---|---|
Buddhism |
0.00 %
|
Christianity (Evangelical 0.00 %) |
0.00 %
|
Ethnic Religions |
0.00 %
|
Hinduism |
100.00 %
|
Islam |
0.00 %
|
Non-Religious |
0.00 %
|
Other / Small |
0.00 %
|
Unknown |
0.00 %
|
* From latest India census data. Current Christian values may substantially differ. |