Thathera (Hindu traditions) in India

The Thathera (Hindu traditions) have only been reported in India
Population
Main Language
Largest Religion
Christian *
Evangelical
Progress
Progress Gauge
* Data can be from various sources including official census, agencies, and local research. Data from these sources can sometimes differ even by orders of magnitude. Joshua Project attempts to present a conservative, balanced estimate.

Introduction / History

The Thathera are a traditional artisan community found in northern India, particularly in states such as Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and neighboring regions. They are historically known for their skill in working with brass, copper, and other metals, producing household utensils, ceremonial items, storage vessels, and decorative objects. The name "Thathera" has become closely associated with metal craftsmanship, and for generations the community supplied essential goods used in homes, markets, and religious settings. Their primary language varies by region and may include Hindi, Punjabi, or other local languages, though Hindi is widely understood among many Thathera communities.

The craft traditions of the Thathera have deep historical roots. Before the widespread use of stainless steel, aluminum, and modern manufacturing methods, skilled metalworkers played an important role in everyday life. Their techniques were often passed from one generation to the next through family apprenticeships. Although industrial production has reduced demand for some traditional products, many families continue to value their heritage and maintain elements of their ancestral craft.


What Are Their Lives Like?

Traditionally, the Thathera earned their livelihood by shaping brass and copper into a wide variety of useful household items. Skilled artisans used hand tools to hammer, shape, polish, and decorate metal products that were sold in local markets and supplied to surrounding communities. While some families remain involved in metalworking, many have diversified into business, manufacturing, retail trade, government service, transportation, and other occupations.

Family life is highly valued, and skills, traditions, and cultural practices are often passed through the family. Extended family relationships frequently provide social and economic support. Education has become increasingly important as younger generations seek opportunities beyond traditional occupations. In both urban and rural settings, daily life commonly revolves around employment, family responsibilities, community relationships, and participation in cultural and religious events.

Food habits generally reflect the regional cuisines of northern India and vary according to local customs. Festivals, weddings, and community celebrations remain important occasions that strengthen family ties and preserve cultural identity.


What Are Their Beliefs?

The Thathera are predominantly Hindu and participate in the religious traditions common throughout northern India. Their religious life often includes temple worship, household rituals, observance of Hindu festivals, and devotion to various gods and goddesses. Many families honor deities associated with prosperity, protection, wisdom, and success in daily life and work.

Like many Hindu communities, the Thathera generally embrace beliefs concerning karma, rebirth, and the accumulation of spiritual merit through religious observance and good deeds. Religious practices may include offerings, pilgrimages, fasting, festival celebrations, and participation in community ceremonies. In some areas, local traditions and folk practices are incorporated alongside broader Hindu beliefs.

Most Thathera have had limited opportunity to hear a clear presentation of the biblical message that forgiveness of sins and reconciliation with God come through faith in Jesus Christ rather than through rituals, personal merit, or repeated cycles of rebirth.


What Are Their Needs?

The Thathera need greater access to the gospel through culturally understandable communication, trusted relationships, and faithful Christian witnesses. Many have little exposure to biblical Christianity and may know very little about the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Practical challenges vary from region to region. Some artisan families face economic pressures as traditional metalworking occupations compete with mass-produced goods. Access to educational opportunities, vocational development, stable employment, and community support can help strengthen families and preserve dignity amid changing economic conditions.

Above all, the Thathera need access to God's word in languages they understand, opportunities to explore the claims of Christ, and healthy fellowships of believers who can disciple new Christians and demonstrate the transforming power of the gospel.


Prayer Items

Pray that the Thathera would encounter believers who can clearly communicate the gospel and demonstrate the love of Christ through genuine relationships.
Pray that God would raise up workers who are willing to serve among the Thathera and faithfully share biblical truth with wisdom and compassion.
Pray that the Thathera would be adopted through the People Group Adoption program so that churches and believers will commit to ongoing prayer, outreach, and future gospel engagement among them.
Pray that any existing believers who have connections with the Thathera would be strengthened in their faith and equipped to share the gospel with their own community and neighboring peoples.


Scripture Prayers for the Thathera (Hindu traditions) in India.


References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thathera
https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-brass-and-copper-craft-of-utensil-making-among-the-thatheras-of-jandiala-guru-punjab-india-00845
https://www.britannica.com/topic/coppersmith


Profile Source:   Joshua Project  

People Name General Thathera (Hindu traditions)
People Name in Country Thathera (Hindu traditions)
Pronunciation tah-TARE-ah
Alternate Names Dokhra Kamar; Kansar; Kansor; Karmakar; Kasera; Kashera; Kesar; Kesura; Tambera; Tamera; Tamikar; Tamkar; Tamrakar; Tamrkar; Thantura; Thatari; Thater; Thatera; Thathari; Thathayar; Thathera; Thatheri; Thathiar; Thetri; ठठेरा (हिंदू ट्रेडिशन्स)
Population this Country 383,000
Population all Countries 383,000
Total Countries 1
Indigenous Yes
Progress Scale Progress Gauge
Unreached Yes
Frontier Yes
GSEC 1  (per PeopleGroups.org)
Pioneer Workers Needed 8
PeopleID3 18241
ROP3 Code 113772
Country India
Region Asia, South
Continent Asia
10/40 Window Yes
National Bible Society Website
Persecution Rank 12  (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking)
Total States on file 15
Largest States
Haryana
129,000
Bihar
99,000
Uttar Pradesh
80,000
Odisha
25,000
Madhya Pradesh
17,000
Jharkhand
11,000
West Bengal
9,800
Chhattisgarh
7,300
Jammu and Kashmir
1,000
Himachal Pradesh
700
Uttarakhand
400
Delhi
200
Rajasthan
70
Chandigarh
40
Assam
40
Districts Interactive map, listing and data download
Specialized Website South Asia Peoples
Country India
Region Asia, South
Continent Asia
10/40 Window Yes
National Bible Society Website
Persecution Rank 12  (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking)
Total States 15
  Haryana 129,000
  Bihar 99,000
  Uttar Pradesh 80,000
  Odisha 25,000
  Madhya Pradesh 17,000
  Jharkhand 11,000
  West Bengal 9,800
  Chhattisgarh 7,300
  Jammu and Kashmir 1,000
  Himachal Pradesh 700
  Uttarakhand 400
  Delhi 200
  Rajasthan 70
  Chandigarh 40
  Assam 40
Website South Asia Peoples
Primary Religion: Hinduism
Major Religion Estimated Percent *
Buddhism
0.00 %
Christianity
0.00 %
Ethnic Religions
0.00 %
Hinduism
100.00 %
Islam
0.00 %
Judaism
0.00 %
Non-Religious
0.00 %
Other / Small
0.00 %
Sikhism
0.00 %
Unknown
0.00 %
* From latest India census data.
Current Christian values may substantially differ.
Primary Language Hindi (200,000 speakers)
Ethnologue Language Code hin
Ethnologue Language Familly Indo-European
Glottolog Language Family Indo-European
Written / Published Yes   (ScriptSource Listing)
Total Languages 21
Secondary Languages
(only 15 largest shown)
Bhojpuri
37,000
Odia
22,000
Haryanvi
20,000
Maithili
14,000
Magahi
11,000
Bengali
11,000
Chhattisgarhi
5,300
Angika
1,900
Punjabi, Eastern
1,600
Kanauji
1,300
Wagdi
800
Bundeli
500
Dogri
400
Braj Bhasha
300
Garhwali
200
Primary Language Hindi (200,000 speakers)
Ethnologue Language Code hin
Ethnologue Language Familly Indo-European
Glottolog Language Family Indo-European
Written / Published Yes   (ScriptSource Listing)
Total Languages 21
Secondary Languages (only 15 largest shown)
  Bhojpuri 37,000
  Odia 22,000
  Haryanvi 20,000
  Maithili 14,000
  Magahi 11,000
  Bengali 11,000
  Chhattisgarhi 5,300
  Angika 1,900
  Punjabi, Eastern 1,600
  Kanauji 1,300
  Wagdi 800
  Bundeli 500
  Dogri 400
  Braj Bhasha 300
  Garhwali 200

Primary Language:  Hindi

Bible Translation Status  (Years)
Bible-Portions Yes  (1806-1962)
Bible-New Testament Yes  (1811-1998)
Bible-Complete Yes  (1818-2026)
FCBH NT (www.bible.is) Online
YouVersion NT (www.bible.com) Online
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Amazon
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Resource Type Resource Name Source
Audio Recordings Audio Bible teaching Global Recordings Network
Audio Recordings DAVAR Partners recording, Old Testament DAVAR Partners International
Audio Recordings Oral Bible stories One Story
Film / Video Following Jesus video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video God's Story video God's Story
Film / Video Indigitube.tv Video / Animation Create International
Film / Video Jesus Film: view in Hindi Jesus Film Project
Film / Video Love letter to you from scripture Father's Love Letter
Film / Video LUMO film of Gospels Bible Media Group/LUMO
Film / Video Magdalena video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video My Last Day video, anime Jesus Film Project
Film / Video Rivka video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video Rock International: King of Glory Rock International
Film / Video Story of Jesus for Children Jesus Film Project
Film / Video Tetelestai:  Creation to Christ Light in Action
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General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
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General Gospel website in this language General / Other
General Scripture Earth Gospel resources links (Hindi) Scripture Earth
General Voice of the Martyrs resources Voice of the Martyrs
General YouVersion Bible versions in text and/or audio YouVersion Bibles
General Zume Resources Zume Project
General Zume Training Zume Project
Mobile App Android Bible app direct APK download (Hindi) SIL
Mobile App Android Bible app: Bibles India Internet Publishing Sevice
Mobile App Android Bible app: Gospel Films (South Asia) Shalom Design S2dio
Mobile App Android Bible app: Hindi YouVersion Bibles
Mobile App Android Bible App: Hindi Bible (हिंदी बाइबिल) Indian Revised Version (IRV) Operation Agape
Mobile App Android Bible app: Hindi Study Bible Grace Ministries and Dusty Sandals
Mobile App Android Bible app: Hindi Word General / Other
Mobile App Android Bible app: Sab Ki Bible Grace Ministries and Dusty Sandals
Mobile App Android Bible app: पवित्र बाइबिल Hindi Bible Biblica
Mobile App Android Bible Radio app: Hindi Bible Radio Shalom Design S2dio
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Mobile App Android Book Reading app: JM Hindi General / Other
Mobile App Android Book Reading app: Open Bible Stories (Hindi) Shalom Design S2dio
Mobile App Children's Bible app Bible4Kidz
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Mobile App Download audio Bible app from Google Play Store Faith Comes by Hearing
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Mobile App iOS Bible app: Hindi YouVersion Bibles
Mobile App iOS Bible app: Hindi Unlocked Literal Bible Kalaam Media Ltd
Text / Printed Matter Bible: Comic Book Version Super Bible / Comic Bible Society
Text / Printed Matter Children and youth resources One Hope
Text / Printed Matter Hindi Bible General / Other
Text / Printed Matter Jesus Messiah comic book General / Other
Text / Printed Matter Literacy primer for Hindi Literacy & Evangelism International
Text / Printed Matter The Ancient Path Live Global
Text / Printed Matter tools for gospel conversations Cru
Text / Printed Matter Topical Scripture booklets and Bible studies World Missionary Press
Photo Source Anonymous 
Map Source People Group data: Omid. Map geography: UNESCO / GMI. Map Design: Joshua Project.  
Profile Source Joshua Project 
Data Sources Data is compiled from various sources. Learn more.